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கற்பியல்

The Post-marital love

Love · Karpiyal · chapters 117–133 · couplets 1161–1330

Kāmam / Inbam — Love · கற்பியல்

Kāma: a drama of love in two acts — secret love before marriage (kaḷavu) and wedded love (kaṟpu). 25 chapters, 250 couplets.

This section — The Post-marital love — has 17 chapters. Open a chapter: its key couplet comes first, word by word with an insight; then all ten couplets.

Kāmam — two lovers and the moon
Kāmam — two lovers and the moon (drawing for this page)

117படர்மெலிந் திரங்கல் PatarmelindhirangalComplainings couplets 1161–1170

Complaint: love-sickness, hidden, wells up like a spring.

Love — separation

1161key couplet

மறைப்பேன்மன் யானிஃதோ நோயை இறைப்பவர்க்கு
ஊற்றுநீர் போல மிகும்.

Maraippenman Yaaniqdho Noyai Iraippavarkku
Ootruneer Pola Mikum

Pope (1886)I would my pain conceal, but see! it surging swells, As streams to those that draw from ever-springing wells

MeaningI would hide this pain from others; but it (only) swells like a spring to those who drain it

Word by word
மறைப்பேன்மன்I would hide
யானிஃதோbut this
நோயைthe ache
இறைப்பவர்க்குto those who bail
ஊற்றுநீர்spring water
போலlike
மிகும்grows

InsightSuppressed feeling grows — psychology in an image.

1162

கரத்தலும் ஆற்றேன்இந் நோயைநோய் செய்தார்க்கு
உரைத்தலும் நாணுத் தரும்.

Karaththalum Aatrenin Noyainoi Seydhaarkku
Uraiththalum Naanuth Tharum

Pope (1886)I cannot hide this pain of mine, yet shame restrainsWhen I would tell it out to him who caused my pains

MeaningI cannot conceal this pain, nor can I relate it without shame to him who has caused it

1163

காமமும் நாணும் உயிர்காவாத் தூங்கும்என்
நோனா உடம்பின் அகத்து.

Kaamamum Naanum Uyirkaavaath Thoongumen
Nonaa Utampin Akaththu

Pope (1886)My soul, like porter's pole, within my wearied frame, Sustains a two-fold burthen poised, of love and shame

Meaning(Both) lust and shame, with my soul for their shoulder pole balance themselves on a body that cannot bear them

1164

காமக் கடல்மன்னும் உண்டே அதுநீந்தும்
ஏமப் புணைமன்னும் இல்.

Kaamak Katalmannum Unte Adhuneendhum
Emap Punaimannum Il

Pope (1886)A sea of love, 'tis true, I see stretched out before, But not the trusty bark that wafts to yonder shore

MeaningThere is indeed a flood of lust; but there is no raft of safety to cross it with

1165

துப்பின் எவனாவர் மன்கொல் துயர்வரவு
நட்பினுள் ஆற்று பவர்.

Thuppin Evanaavar Mankol Thuyarvaravu
Natpinul Aatru Pavar

Pope (1886)Who work us woe in friendship's trustful hour, What will they prove when angry tempests lower

MeaningWhat will they prove when angry tempests lower?

1166

இன்பம் கடல்மற்றுக் காமம் அஃதடுங்கால்
துன்பம் அதனிற் பெரிது.

Inpam Katalmatruk Kaamam Aqdhatungaal
Thunpam Adhanir Peridhu

Pope (1886)A happy love 's sea of joy; but mightier sorrows rollFrom unpropitious love athwart the troubled soul

MeaningThe pleasure of lust is (as great as) the sea; but the pain of lust is far greater

1167

காமக் கடும்புனல் நீந்திக் கரைகாணேன்
யாமத்தும் யானே உளேன்.

Kaamak Katumpunal Neendhik Karaikaanen
Yaamaththum Yaane Ulen

Pope (1886)I swim the cruel tide of love, and can no shore descry, In watches of the night, too, 'mid the waters, only I

MeaningI have swam across the terrible flood of lust, but have not seen its shore; even at midnight I am alone; still I live

1168

மன்னுயிர் எல்லாம் துயிற்றி அளித்திரா
என்னல்லது இல்லை துணை.

Mannuyir Ellaam Thuyitri Aliththiraa
Ennalladhu Illai Thunai

Pope (1886)All living souls in slumber soft she steeps; But me alone kind night for her companing keeps

MeaningThe night which graciously lulls to sleep all living creatures, has me alone for her companion

1169

கொடியார் கொடுமையின் தாம்கொடிய இந்நாள்
நெடிய கழியும் இரா.

Kotiyaar Kotumaiyin Thaamkotiya Innaal
Netiya Kazhiyum Iraa

Pope (1886)More cruel than the cruelty of him, the cruel one, In these sad times are lengthening hours of night I watch alone

MeaningThe long nights of these days are far more cruel than the heartless one who is torturing me

1170

உள்ளம்போன்று உள்வழிச் செல்கிற்பின் வெள்ளநீர்
நீந்தல மன்னோஎன் கண்.

Ullampondru Ulvazhich Chelkirpin Vellaneer
Neendhala Mannoen Kan

Pope (1886)When eye of mine would as my soul go forth to him, It knows not how through floods of its own tears to swim

MeaningCould mine eyes travel like my thoughts to the abode (of my absent lord), they would not swim in this flood of tears

118கண் விதுப்பழிதல் KanvidhuppazhidhalEyes consumed with Grief couplets 1171–1180

Eyes consumed by longing: the eyes that showed him to me now weep.

Love — separation

1171key couplet

கண்தாம் கலுழ்வ தெவன்கொலோ தண்டாநோய்
தாம்காட்ட யாம்கண் டது.

Kandhaam Kaluzhva Thevankolo Thantaanoi
Thaamkaatta Yaamkan Tadhu

Pope (1886)They showed me him, and then my endless painI saw: why then should weeping eyes complain

MeaningAs this incurable malady has been caused by my eyes which showed (him) to me, why should they now weep for (him)

Word by word
கண்தாம்the eyes
கலுழ்வweep
தெவன்கொலோwhy
தண்டாநோய்unceasing ache
தாம்காட்டthey showing
யாம்கண்I saw
டதுit

InsightThe eyes are blamed for the love they began.

1172

தெரிந்துணரா நோக்கிய உண்கண் பரிந்துணராப்
பைதல் உழப்பது எவன்?

Therindhunaraa Nokkiya Unkan Parindhunaraap
Paidhal Uzhappadhu Evan?

Pope (1886)How glancing eyes, that rash unweeting looked that day, With sorrow measureless are wasting now away

MeaningThe dyed eyes that (then) looked without foresight, why should they now endure sorrow, without feeling sharply (their own fault)

1173

கதுமெனத் தாநோக்கித் தாமே கலுழும்
இதுநகத் தக்க துடைத்து.

Kadhumenath Thaanokkith Thaame Kaluzhum
Ithunakath Thakka Thutaiththu

Pope (1886)The eyes that threw such eager glances round erewhileAre weeping now. Such folly surely claims a smile

MeaningThey themselves looked eagerly (on him) and now they weep. Is not this to be laughed at ?

1174

பெயலாற்றா நீருலந்த உண்கண் உயலாற்றா
உய்வில்நோய் என்கண் நிறுத்து.

Peyalaatraa Neerulandha Unkan Uyalaatraa
Uyvilnoi Enkan Niruththu

Pope (1886)Those eyes have wept till all the fount of tears is dry, That brought upon me pain that knows no remedy

MeaningThese painted eyes have caused me a lasting mortal disease; and now they can weep no more, the tears having dried up

1175

படலாற்றா பைதல் உழக்கும் கடலாற்றாக்
காமநோய் செய்தஎன் கண்.

Patalaatraa Paidhal Uzhakkum Katalaatraak
Kaamanoi Seydhaen Kan

Pope (1886)The eye that wrought me more than sea could hold of woes, Is suffering pangs that banish all repose

MeaningMine eyes have caused me a lust that is greater than the sea and (they themselves) endure the torture of sleeplessness

1176

ஓஒ இனிதே எமக்கிந்நோய் செய்தகண்
தாஅம் இதற்பட் டது.

Oo Inidhe Emakkinnoi Seydhakan
Thaaam Itharpat Tadhu

Pope (1886)Oho! how sweet a thing to see! the eyeThat wrought this pain, in the same gulf doth lie

MeaningThe eyes that have given me this disease have themselves been seized with this (suffering) Oh! I am much delighted

1177

உழந்துழந் துள்நீர் அறுக விழைந்திழைந்து
வேண்டி அவர்க்கண்ட கண்.

Uzhandhuzhan Thulneer Aruka Vizhaindhizhaindhu
Venti Avarkkanta Kan

Pope (1886)Aching, aching, let those exhaust their stream, That melting, melting, that day gazed on him

MeaningThe eyes that became tender and gazed intently on him, may they suffer so much as to dry up the fountain of their tears

1178

பேணாது பெட்டார் உளர்மன்னோ மற்றவர்க்
காணாது அமைவில கண்.

Penaadhu Pettaar Ularmanno Matravark
Kaanaadhu Amaivila Kan

Pope (1886)Who loved me once, onloving now doth here remain; Not seeing him, my eye no rest can gain

MeaningHe is indeed here who loved me with his lips but not with his heart but mine eyes suffer from not seeing him

1179

வாராக்கால் துஞ்சா வரின்துஞ்சா ஆயிடை
ஆரஞர் உற்றன கண்.

Vaaraakkaal Thunjaa Varindhunjaa Aayitai
Aaragnar Utrana Kan

Pope (1886)When he comes not, all slumber flies; no sleep when he is there; Thus every way my eyes have troubles hard to bear

MeaningWhen he is away they do not sleep; when he is present they do not sleep; in either case, mine eyes endure unbearable agony

1180

மறைபெறல் ஊரார்க்கு அரிதன்றால் எம்போல்
அறைபறை கண்ணார் அகத்து.

Maraiperal Ooraarkku Aridhandraal Empol
Araiparai Kannaar Akaththu

Pope (1886)It is not hard for all the town the knowledge to obtain, When eyes, as mine, like beaten tambours, make the mystery plain

MeaningIt is not difficult for the people of this place to understand the secret of those whose eyes, like mine, are as it were beaten drums

119பசப்புறு பருவரல் PasapparuparuvaralThe Pallid Hue couplets 1181–1190

Pallor: her skin turns pale with longing.

Love — separation

1181key couplet

நயந்தவர்க்கு நல்காமை நேர்ந்தேன் பசந்தவென்
பண்பியார்க்கு உரைக்கோ பிற.

Nayandhavarkku Nalkaamai Nerndhen Pasandhaven
Panpiyaarkku Uraikko Pira

Pope (1886)I willed my lover absent should remain; Of pining's sickly hue to whom shall I complain

MeaningI who (then) consented to the absence of my loving lord, to whom can I (now) relate the fact of my having turned sallow

Word by word
நயந்தவர்க்குto the beloved
நல்காமைnot granting
நேர்ந்தேன்I agreed
பசந்தவென்my paleness
பண்பியார்க்குto whom
உரைக்கோshall I tell
பிறelse

InsightThe pallor (pacappu) of separation, a convention of Tamil love poetry.

1182

அவர்தந்தார் என்னும் தகையால் இவர்தந்தென்
மேனிமேல் ஊரும் பசப்பு.

Avardhandhaar Ennum Thakaiyaal Ivardhandhen
Menimel Oorum Pasappu

Pope (1886)'He gave': this sickly hue thus proudly speaks, Then climbs, and all my frame its chariot makes

MeaningSallowness, as if proud of having been caused by him, would now ride on my person

1183

சாயலும் நாணும் அவர்கொண்டார் கைம்மாறா
நோயும் பசலையும் தந்து.

Saayalum Naanum Avarkontaar Kaimmaaraa
Noyum Pasalaiyum Thandhu

Pope (1886)Of comeliness and shame he me bereft, While pain and sickly hue, in recompense, he left

MeaningHe has taken (away) my beauty and modesty, and given me instead disease and sallowness

1184

உள்ளுவன் மன்யான் உரைப்பது அவர்திறமால்
கள்ளம் பிறவோ பசப்பு.

Ulluvan Manyaan Uraippadhu Avardhiramaal
Kallam Piravo Pasappu

Pope (1886)I meditate his words, his worth is theme of all I say, This sickly hue is false that would my trust betray

MeaningI think (of him); and what I speak about is but his excellence; still is there sallowness; and this is deceitful

1185

உவக்காண்எம் காதலர் செல்வார் இவக்காண்என்
மேனி பசப்பூர் வது.

Uvakkaanem Kaadhalar Selvaar Ivakkaanen
Meni Pasappoor Vadhu

Pope (1886)My lover there went forth to roam; This pallor of my frame usurps his place at home

MeaningJust as my lover departed then, did not sallowness spread here on my person ?

1186

விளக்கற்றம் பார்க்கும் இருளேபோல் கொண்கன்
முயக்கற்றம் பார்க்கும் பசப்பு.

Vilakkatram Paarkkum Irulepol Konkan
Muyakkatram Paarkkum Pasappu

Pope (1886)As darkness waits till lamp expires, to fill the place, This pallor waits till I enjoy no more my lord's embrace

MeaningJust as darkness waits for the failing light; so does sallowness wait for the laxity of my husband's intercourse

1187

புல்லிக் கிடந்தேன் புடைபெயர்ந்தேன் அவ்வளவில்
அள்ளிக்கொள் வற்றே பசப்பு.

Pullik Kitandhen Putaipeyarndhen Avvalavil
Allikkol Vatre Pasappu

Pope (1886)I lay in his embrace, I turned unwittingly; Forthwith this hue, as you might grasp it, came on me

MeaningI who was in close embrace just turned aside and the moment I did so, sallowness came on me like something to be seized on

1188

பசந்தாள் இவள்என்பது அல்லால் இவளைத்
துறந்தார் அவர்என்பார் இல்.

Pasandhaal Ivalenpadhu Allaal Ivalaith
Thurandhaar Avarenpaar Il

Pope (1886)On me, because I pine, they cast a slur; But no one says, 'He first deserted her.'

MeaningBesides those who say "she has turned sallow" there are none who say "he has forsaken her"

1189

பசக்கமன் பட்டாங்கென் மேனி நயப்பித்தார்
நன்னிலையர் ஆவர் எனின்.

Pasakkaman Pattaangen Meni Nayappiththaar
Nannilaiyar Aavar Enin

Pope (1886)Well let my frame, as now, be sicklied o'er with pain, If he who won my heart's consent, in good estate remain

MeaningIf he is clear of guilt who has conciliated me (to his departure) let my body suffer its due and turn sallow

1190

பசப்பெனப் பேர்பெறுதல் நன்றே நயப்பித்தார்
நல்காமை தூற்றார் எனின்.

Pasappenap Perperudhal Nandre Nayappiththaar
Nalkaamai Thootraar Enin

Pope (1886)'Tis well, though men deride me for my sickly hue of pain; If they from calling him unkind, who won my love, refrain

MeaningIt would be good to be said of me that I have turned sallow, if friends do not reproach with unkindness him who pleased me (then)

120தனிப்படர் மிகுதி ThanippatarmikudhiThe Solitary Anguish couplets 1191–1200

Solitary anguish: those loved in return have love’s seedless fruit.

Love — separation

1191key couplet

தாம்வீழ்வார் தம்வீழப் பெற்றவர் பெற்றாரே
காமத்துக் காழில் கனி.

Thaamveezhvaar Thamveezhap Petravar Petraare
Kaamaththuk Kaazhil Kani

Pope (1886)The bliss to be beloved by those they love who gains, Of love the stoneless, luscious fruit obtains

MeaningThe women who are beloved by those whom they love, have they have not got the stone-less fruit of sexual delight ?

Word by word
தாம்வீழ்வார்whom they love
தம்வீழப்loving them back
பெற்றவர்those who have
பெற்றாரேhave gained
காமத்துக்of love
காழில்stoneless
கனிfruit

InsightMutual love is a fruit without a stone — all sweetness.

1192

வாழ்வார்க்கு வானம் பயந்தற்றால் வீழ்வார்க்கு
வீழ்வார் அள஧ க்கும் அளி.

Vaazhvaarkku Vaanam Payandhatraal Veezhvaarkku
Veezhvaar Alikkum Ali

Pope (1886)As heaven on living men showers blessings from above, Is tender grace by lovers shown to those they love

MeaningThe bestowal of love by the beloved on those who love them is like the rain raining (at the proper season) on those who live by it

1193

வீழுநர் வீழப் படுவார்க்கு அமையுமே
வாழுநம் என்னும் செருக்கு.

Veezhunar Veezhap Patuvaarkku Amaiyume
Vaazhunam Ennum Serukku

Pope (1886)Who love and are beloved to them aloneBelongs the boast, 'We've made life's very joys our own.'

MeaningThe pride that says "we shall live" suits only those who are loved by their beloved (husbands)

1194

வீழப் படுவார் கெழீஇயிலர் தாம்வீழ்வார்
வீழப் படாஅர் எனின்.

Veezhap Patuvaar Kezheeiyilar Thaamveezhvaar
Veezhap Pataaar Enin

Pope (1886)Those well-beloved will luckless prove, Unless beloved by those they love

MeaningEven those who are esteemed (by other women) are devoid of excellence, if they are not loved by their beloved

1195

நாம்காதல் கொண்டார் நமக்கெவன் செய்பவோ
தாம்காதல் கொள்ளாக் கடை.

Naamkaadhal Kontaar Namakkevan Seypavo
Thaamkaadhal Kollaak Katai

Pope (1886)From him I love to me what gain can be, Unless, as I love him, he loveth me

MeaningHe who is beloved by me, what will he do to me, if I am not beloved by him ?

1196

ஒருதலையான் இன்னாது காமம்காப் போல
இருதலை யானும் இனிது.

Orudhalaiyaan Innaadhu Kaamamkaap Pola
Irudhalai Yaanum Inidhu

Pope (1886)Love on one side is bad; like balanced loadBy porter borne, love on both sides is good

MeaningLust, like the weight of the KAVADI, pains if it lies in one end only but pleases if it is in both

1197

பருவரலும் பைதலும் காணான்கொல் காமன்
ஒருவர்கண் நின்றொழுகு வான்.

Paruvaralum Paidhalum Kaanaankol Kaaman
Oruvarkan Nindrozhuku Vaan

Pope (1886)While Kaman rushes straight at me alone, Is all my pain and wasting grief unknown

MeaningWould not cupid who abides and contends in one party (only) witness the pain and sorrow (in that party)?

1198

வீழ்வாரின் இன்சொல் பெறாஅது உலகத்து
வாழ்வாரின் வன்கணார் இல்.

Veezhvaarin Insol Peraaadhu Ulakaththu
Vaazhvaarin Vankanaar Il

Pope (1886)Who hear from lover's lips no pleasant word from day to day, Yet in the world live out their life,- no braver souls than they

MeaningThere is no one in the world so hard-hearted as those who can live without receiving (even) a kind word from their beloved

1199

நசைஇயார் நல்கார் எனினும் அவர்மாட்டு
இசையும் இனிய செவிக்கு.

Nasaiiyaar Nalkaar Eninum Avarmaattu
Isaiyum Iniya Sevikku

Pope (1886)Though he my heart desires no grace accords to me, Yet every accent of his voice is melody

MeaningThough my beloved bestows no love on one, still are his words sweet to my ears

1200

உறாஅர்க்கு உறுநோய் உரைப்பாய் கடலைச்
செறாஅஅய் வாழிய நெஞ்சு.

Uraaarkku Urunoi Uraippaai Katalaich
Cheraaaai Vaazhiya Nenju

Pope (1886)Tell him thy pain that loves not thee?Farewell, my soul, fill up the sea

MeaningLive, O my soul, would you who relate your great sorrow to strangers, try rather to fill up your own sea (of sorrow)

121நினைந்தவர் புலம்பல் NinaindhavarpulampalSad Memories couplets 1201–1210

Sad memories: love is sweeter than wine, for even remembering gives joy.

Love — separation

1201key couplet

உள்ளினும் தீராப் பெருமகிழ் செய்தலால்
கள்ளினும் காமம் இனிது.

Ullinum Theeraap Perumakizh Seydhalaal
Kallinum Kaamam Inidhu

Pope (1886)From thought of her unfailing gladness springs, Sweeter than palm-rice wine the joy love brings

MeaningSexuality is sweeter than liquor, because when remembered, it creates a most rapturous delight

Word by word
உள்ளினும்even remembering
தீராப்unending
பெருமகிழ்great joy
செய்தலால்because it gives
கள்ளினும்than toddy
காமம்love
இனிதுis sweeter

InsightMemory itself intoxicates.

1202

எனைத்தொனறு இனிதேகாண் காமம்தாம் வீழ்வார்
நினைப்ப வருவதொன்று ஏல்.

Enaiththonaru Inidhekaan Kaamamdhaam Veezhvaar
Ninaippa Varuvadhondru El

Pope (1886)How great is love! Behold its sweetness past belief!Think on the lover, and the spirit knows no grief

MeaningEven to think of one's beloved gives one no pain Sexuality, in any degree, is always delightful

1203

நினைப்பவர் போன்று நினையார்கொல் தும்மல்
சினைப்பது போன்று கெடும்.

Ninaippavar Pondru Ninaiyaarkol Thummal
Sinaippadhu Pondru Ketum

Pope (1886)A fit of sneezing threatened, but it passed away; He seemed to think of me, but do his fancies stray

MeaningI feel as if I am going to sneeze but do not, and (therefore) my beloved is about to think (of me) but does not

1204

யாமும் உளேங்கொல் அவர்நெஞ்சத்து எந்நெஞ்சத்து
ஓஒ உளரே அவர்.

Yaamum Ulengol Avarnenjaththu Ennenjaththu
Oo Ulare Avar

Pope (1886)Have I a place within his heart!From mine, alas! he never doth depart

MeaningHe continues to abide in my soul, do I likewise abide in his ?

1205

தம்நெஞ்சத்து எம்மைக் கடிகொண்டார் நாணார்கொல்
எம்நெஞ்சத்து ஓவா வரல்.

Thamnenjaththu Emmaik Katikontaar Naanaarkol
Emnenjaththu Ovaa Varal

Pope (1886)Me from his heart he jealously excludes:Hath he no shame who ceaseless on my heart intrudes

MeaningHe who has imprisoned me in his soul, is he ashamed to enter incessantly into mine

1206

மற்றியான் என்னுளேன் மன்னோ அவரொடியான்
உற்றநாள் உள்ள உளேன்.

Matriyaan Ennulen Manno Avaroti
Yaan Utranaal Ulla Ulen

Pope (1886)How live I yet? I live to ponder o'erThe days of bliss with him that are no more

MeaningI live by remembering my (former) intercourse with him; if it were not so, how could I live ?

1207

மறப்பின் எவனாவன் மற்கொல் மறப்பறியேன்
உள்ளினும் உள்ளம் சுடும்.

Marappin Evanaavan Markol Marappariyen
Ullinum Ullam Sutum

Pope (1886)If I remembered not what were I then? And yet, The fiery smart of what my spirit knows not to forget

MeaningI have never forgotten (the pleasure); even to think of it burns my soul; could I live, if I should ever forget it ?

1208

எனைத்து நினைப்பினும் காயார் அனைத்தன்றோ
காதலர் செய்யும் சிறப்பு.

Enaiththu Ninaippinum Kaayaar Anaiththandro
Kaadhalar Seyyum Sirappu

Pope (1886)My frequent thought no wrath excites It is not so?This honour doth my love on me bestow

MeaningHe will not be angry however much I may think of him; is it not so much the delight my beloved

1209

விளியுமென் இன்னுயிர் வேறல்லம் என்பார்
அளியின்மை ஆற்ற நினைந்து.

Viliyumen Innuyir Verallam Enpaar
Aliyinmai Aatra Ninaindhu

Pope (1886)Dear life departs, when his ungracious deeds I ponder o'er, Who said erewhile, 'We're one for evermore'

MeaningMy precious life is wasting away by thinking too much on the cruelty of him who said we were not different

1210

விடாஅது சென்றாரைக் கண்ணினால் காணப்
படாஅதி வாழி மதி.

Vitaaadhu Sendraaraik Kanninaal Kaanap
Pataaadhi Vaazhi Madhi

Pope (1886)Set not; so may'st thou prosper, moon! that eyes may seeMy love who went away, but ever bides with me

MeaningMay you live, O Moon! Do not set, that I mine see him who has departed without quitting my soul

122கனவுநிலை உரைத்தல் KanavunilaiyuraiththalThe Visions of the Night couplets 1211–1220

Dream-visions: what feast shall I give the dream that brought his messenger?

Love — separation

1211key couplet

காதலர் தூதொடு வந்த கனவினுக்கு
யாதுசெய் வேன்கொல் விருந்து.

Kaadhalar Thoodhotu Vandha Kanavinukku
Yaadhusey Venkol Virundhu

Pope (1886)It came and brought to me, that nightly vision rare, A message from my love,- what feast shall I prepare

MeaningWhere with shall I feast the dream which has brought me my dear one's messenger ?

Word by word
காதலர்the lover’s
தூதொடுwith a message
வந்தthat came
கனவினுக்குto the dream
யாதுசெய்what
வேன்கொல்shall I do
விருந்துas a feast

InsightEven a dream is welcomed as a guest — hospitality (Book 1) returns in Book 3.

1212

கயலுண்கண் யானிரப்பத் துஞ்சிற் கலந்தார்க்கு
உயலுண்மை சாற்றுவேன் மன்.

Kayalunkan Yaanirappath Thunjir Kalandhaarkku
Uyalunmai Saatruven Man

Pope (1886)If my dark, carp-like eye will close in sleep, as I implore, The tale of my long-suffering life I'll tell my loved one o'er

MeaningIf my fish-like painted eyes should, at my begging, close in sleep, I could fully relate my sufferings to my lord

1213

நனவினால் நல்கா தவரைக் கனவினால்
காண்டலின் உண்டென் உயிர்.

Nanavinaal Nalkaa Thavaraik Kanavinaal
Kaantalin Unten Uyir

Pope (1886)Him, who in waking hour no kindness shows, In dreams I see; and so my lifetime goes

MeaningMy life lasts because in my dream I behold him who does not favour me in my waking hours

1214

கனவினான் உண்டாகும் காமம் நனவினான்
நல்காரை நாடித் தரற்கு.

Kanavinaan Untaakum Kaamam Nanavinaan
Nalkaarai Naatith Thararku

Pope (1886)Some pleasure I enjoy when him who loves not meIn waking hours, the vision searches out and makes me see

MeaningThere is pleasure in my dream, because in it I seek and obtain him who does not visit me in my wakefulness

1215

நனவினால் கண்டதூஉம் ஆங்கே கனவுந்தான்
கண்ட பொழுதே இனிது.

Nanavinaal Kantadhooum Aange Kanavundhaan
Kanta Pozhudhe Inidhu

Pope (1886)As what I then beheld in waking hour was sweet, So pleasant dreams in hour of sleep my spirit greet

MeaningI saw him in my waking hours, and then it was pleasant; I see him just now in my dream, and it is (equally) pleasant

1216

நனவென ஒன்றில்லை ஆயின் கனவினால்
காதலர் நீங்கலர் மன்.

Nanavena Ondrillai Aayin Kanavinaal
Kaadhalar Neengalar Man

Pope (1886)And if there were no waking hour, my loveIn dreams would never from my side remove

MeaningWere there no such thing as wakefulness, my beloved (who visited me) in my dream would not depart from me

1217

நனவினால் நல்காக் கொடியார் கனவனால்
என்எம்மைப் பீழிப் பது.

Nanavinaal Nalkaak Kotiyaar Kanavanaal
Enemmaip Peezhip Padhu

Pope (1886)The cruel one, in waking hour, who all ungracious seems, Why should he thus torment my soul in nightly dreams

MeaningThe cruel one who would not favour me in my wakefulness, what right has he to torture me in my dreams?

1218

துஞ்சுங்கால் தோள்மேலர் ஆகி விழிக்குங்கால்
நெஞ்சத்தர் ஆவர் விரைந்து.

Thunjungaal Tholmelar Aaki Vizhikkungaal
Nenjaththar Aavar Viraindhu

Pope (1886)And when I sleep he holds my form embraced; And when I wake to fill my heart makes haste

MeaningWhen I am asleep he rests on my shoulders, (but) when I awake he hastens into my soul

1219

நனவினால் நல்காரை நோவர் கனவினால்
காதலர்க் காணா தவர்.

Nanavinaal Nalkaarai Novar Kanavinaal
Kaadhalark Kaanaa Thavar

Pope (1886)In dreams who ne'er their lover's form perceive, For those in waking hours who show no love will grieve

MeaningThey who have no dear ones to behold in their dreams blame him who visits me not in my waking hours

1220

நனவினால் நம்நீத்தார் என்பர் கனவினால்
காணார்கொல் இவ்வூ ரவர்.

Nanavinaal Namneeththaar Enpar Kanavinaal
Kaanaarkol Ivvoo Ravar

Pope (1886)They say, that he in waking hours has left me lone; In dreams they surely see him not,- these people of the town;

MeaningThe women of this place say he has forsaken me in my wakefulness I think they have not seen him visit me in my dreams

123பொழுதுகண்டு இரங்கல் PozhudhukantirangalLamentations at Eventide couplets 1221–1230

Evening’s lament: “You are not evening — you are the spear that eats the lives of wives.”

Love — separation

1221key couplet

மாலையோ அல்லை மணந்தார் உயிருண்ணும்
வேலைநீ வாழி பொழுது.

Maalaiyo Allai Manandhaar Uyirunnum
Velainee Vaazhi Pozhudhu

Pope (1886)Thou art not evening, but a spear that doth devourThe souls of brides; farewell, thou evening hour

MeaningLive, O you evening are you (the former) evening? No, you are the season that slays (married) women

Word by word
மாலையோevening?
அல்லைyou are not
மணந்தார்of the married
உயிருண்ணும்life-eating
வேலைநீspear, you
வாழிlong live
பொழுதுO time

InsightTwilight, when lovers meet, is cruel to the one alone.

1222

புன்கண்ணை வாழி மருள்மாலை எம்கேள்போல்
வன்கண்ண தோநின் துணை.

Punkannai Vaazhi Marulmaalai Emkelpol
Vankanna Thonin Thunai

Pope (1886)Thine eye is sad; Hail, doubtful hour of eventide!Of cruel eye, as is my spouse, is too thy bride

MeaningA long life to you, O dark evening! You are sightless Is your help-mate (also) as hard-hearted as mine

1223

பனிஅரும்பிப் பைதல்கொள் மாலை துனிஅரும்பித்
துன்பம் வளர வரும்.

Paniarumpip Paidhalkol Maalai Thuniarumpith
Thunpam Valara Varum

Pope (1886)With buds of chilly dew wan evening's shade enclose; My anguish buds space and all my sorrow grows

MeaningThe evening that (once) came in with trembling and dimness (now) brings me an aversion for life and increasing sorrow

1224

காதலர் இல்வழி மாலை கொலைக்களத்து
ஏதிலர் போல வரும்.

Kaadhalar Ilvazhi Maalai Kolaikkalaththu
Edhilar Pola Varum

Pope (1886)When absent is my love, the evening hour descends, As when an alien host to field of battle wends

MeaningIn the absence of my lover, evening comes in like slayers on the field of slaughter

1225

காலைக்குச் செய்தநன்று என்கொல் எவன்கொல்யான்
மாலைக்குச் செய்த பகை?

Kaalaikkuch Cheydhanandru Enkol Evankolyaan
Maalaikkuch Cheydha Pakai?

Pope (1886)O morn, how have I won thy grace? thou bring'st reliefO eve, why art thou foe! thou dost renew my grief

MeaningO eve, why art thou foe! thou dost renew my grief

1226

மாலைநோய் செய்தல் மணந்தார் அகலாத
காலை அறிந்த திலேன்.

Maalainoi Seydhal Manandhaar Akalaadha
Kaalai Arindha Thilen

Pope (1886)The pangs that evening brings I never knew, Till he, my wedded spouse, from me withdrew

MeaningPrevious to my husband's departure, I know not the painful nature of evening

1227

காலை அரும்பிப் பகலெல்லாம் போதாகி
மாலை மலரும்இந் நோய்.

Kaalai Arumpip Pakalellaam Podhaaki
Maalai Malarumin Noi

Pope (1886)My grief at morn a bud, all day an opening flower, Full-blown expands in evening hour

MeaningThis malady buds forth in the morning, expands all day long and blossoms in the evening

1228

அழல்போலும் மாலைக்குத் தூதாகி ஆயன்
குழல்போலும் கொல்லும் படை.

Azhalpolum Maalaikkuth Thoodhaaki Aayan
Kuzhalpolum Kollum Patai

Pope (1886)The shepherd's pipe is like a murderous weapon, to my ear, For it proclaims the hour of ev'ning's fiery anguish near

MeaningThe shepherd's flute now sounds as a fiery forerunner of night, and is become a weapon that slays (me)

1229

பதிமருண்டு பைதல் உழக்கும் மதிமருண்டு
மாலை படர்தரும் போழ்து.

Padhimaruntu Paidhal Uzhakkum Madhimaruntu
Maalai Patardharum Pozhdhu

Pope (1886)If evening's shades, that darken all my soul, extend; From this afflicted town will would of grief ascend

MeaningWhen night comes on confusing (everyone's) mind, the (whole) town will lose its sense and be plunged in sorrow

1230

பொருள்மாலை யாளரை உள்ளி மருள்மாலை
மாயும்என் மாயா உயிர்.

Porulmaalai Yaalarai Ulli Marulmaalai
Maayumen Maayaa Uyir

Pope (1886)This darkening eve, my darkling soul must perish utterly; Remembering him who seeks for wealth, but seeks not me

MeaningMy (hitherto) unextinguished life is now lost in this bewildering night at the thought of him who has the nature of wealth

124உறுப்புநலன் அழிதல் UruppunalanazhidhalWasting Away couplets 1231–1240

Wasting away: her eyes, thinking of him far away, are ashamed before flowers.

Love — separation

1231key couplet

சிறுமை நமக்கொழியச் சேட்சென்றார் உள்ளி
நறுமலர் நாணின கண்.

Sirumai Namakkozhiyach Chetchendraar Ulli
Narumalar Naanina Kan

Pope (1886)Thine eyes grown dim are now ashamed the fragrant flow'rs to see, Thinking on him, who wand'ring far, leaves us in misery

MeaningWhile we endure the unbearable sorrow, your eyes weep for him who is gone afar, and shun (the sight of) fragrant flowers

Word by word
சிறுமைsorrow
நமக்கொழியச்leaving with us
சேட்சென்றார்gone far
உள்ளிthinking (of him)
நறுமலர்fragrant flowers
நாணினare ashamed (before)
கண்the eyes

InsightThe lustre of her eyes fades — even flowers outshine them now.

1232

நயந்தவர் நல்காமை சொல்லுவ போலும்
பசந்து பனிவாரும் கண்.

Nayandhavar Nalkaamai Solluva Polum
Pasandhu Panivaarum Kan

Pope (1886)The eye, with sorrow wan, all wet with dew of tears, As witness of the lover's lack of love appears

MeaningThe discoloured eyes that shed tears profusely seem to betray the unkindness of our beloved

1233

தணந்தமை சால அறிவிப்ப போலும்
மணந்தநாள் வீங்கிய தோள்.

Thanandhamai Saala Arivippa Polum
Manandhanaal Veengiya Thol

Pope (1886)These withered arms, desertion's pangs abundantly display, That swelled with joy on that glad nuptial day

MeaningThe shoulders that swelled on the day of our union (now) seem to announce our separation clearly (to the public)

1234

பணைநீங்கிப் பைந்தொடி சோரும் துணைநீங்கித்
தொல்கவின் வாடிய தோள்.

Panaineengip Paindhoti Sorum Thunaineengith
Tholkavin Vaatiya Thol

Pope (1886)When lover went, then faded all their wonted charms, And armlets' golden round slips off from these poor wasted arms

MeaningIn the absence of your consort, your shoulders having lost their former beauty and fulness, your bracelets of pure gold have become loose

1235

கொடியார் கொடுமை உரைக்கும் தொடியொடு
தொல்கவின் வாடிய தோள்.

Kotiyaar Kotumai Uraikkum Thotiyotu
Tholkavin Vaatiya Thol

Pope (1886)These wasted arms, the bracelet with their wonted beauty gone, The cruelty declare of that most cruel one

MeaningThe (loosened) bracelets, and the shoulders from which the old beauty has faded, relate the cruelty of the pitiless one

1236

தொடியொடு தோள்நெகிழ நோவல் அவரைக்
கொடியர் எனக்கூறல் நொந்து.

Thotiyotu Tholnekizha Noval Avaraik
Kotiyar Enakkooral Nondhu

Pope (1886)I grieve, 'tis pain to me to hear him cruel chid, Because the armlet from my wasted arm has slid

MeaningI am greatly pained to hear you call him a cruel man, just because your shoulders are reduced and your bracelets loosened

1237

பாடு பெறுதியோ நெஞ்சே கொடியார்க்கென்
வாடுதோட் பூசல் உரைத்து.

Paatu Perudhiyo Nenje Kotiyaarkken
Vaatudhot Poosal Uraiththu

Pope (1886)My heart! say ought of glory wilt thou gain, If to that cruel one thou of thy wasted arms complain

MeaningCan you O my soul! gain glory by relating to the (so-called) cruel one the clamour of my fading shoulders?

1238

முயங்கிய கைகளை ஊக்கப் பசந்தது
பைந்தொடிப் பேதை நுதல்.

Muyangiya Kaikalai Ookkap Pasandhadhu
Paindhotip Pedhai Nudhal

Pope (1886)One day the fervent pressure of embracing arms I checked, Grew wan the forehead of the maid with golden armlet decked

MeaningWhen I once loosened the arms that were in embrace, the forehead of the gold-braceleted women turned sallow

1239

முயக்கிடைத் தண்வளி போழப் பசப்புற்ற
பேதை பெருமழைக் கண்.

Muyakkitaith Thanvali Pozhap Pasapputra
Pedhai Perumazhaik Kan

Pope (1886)As we embraced a breath of wind found entrance there; The maid's large liquid eyes were dimmed with care

MeaningWhen but a breath of breeze penetrated our embrace, her large cool eyes became sallow

1240

கண்ணின் பசப்போ பருவரல் எய்தின்றே
ஒண்ணுதல் செய்தது கண்டு.

Kannin Pasappo Paruvaral Eydhindre
Onnudhal Seydhadhu Kantu

Pope (1886)The dimness of her eye felt sorrow now, Beholding what was done by that bright brow

MeaningWas it at the sight of what the bright forehead had done that the sallowness of her eyes became sad?

125நெஞ்சொடு கிளத்தல் NenjotukilaththalSoliloquy couplets 1241–1250

Talking to one’s heart: “Will you not think and tell me some cure for this?”

Love — separationThe mind

1241key couplet

நினைத்தொன்று சொல்லாயோ நெஞ்சே எனைத்தொன்றும்
எவ்வநோய் தீர்க்கும் மருந்து.

Ninaiththondru Sollaayo Nenje Enaiththondrum
Evvanoi Theerkkum Marundhu

Pope (1886)My heart, canst thou not thinking of some med'cine tell, Not any one, to drive away this grief incurable

MeaningO my soul, will you not think and tell me some medicine be it what it may, that can cure this incurable malady?

Word by word
நினைத்தொன்றுthinking, something
சொல்லாயோwill you not tell
நெஞ்சேO heart
எனைத்தொன்றும்whatever it be
எவ்வநோய்this aching sickness
தீர்க்கும்that cures
மருந்துmedicine

InsightThe lover addresses her own mind (neñcu) — a dialogue with oneself that Vedānta would recognise.

1242

காதல் அவரிலர் ஆகநீ நோவது
பேதைமை வாழியென் நெஞ்சு.

Kaadhal Avarilar Aakanee Novadhu
Pedhaimai Vaazhiyen Nenju

Pope (1886)Since he loves not, thy smartIs folly, fare thee well my heart

MeaningIs folly, fare thee well my heart!

1243

இருந்துள்ளி என்பரிதல் நெஞ்சே பரிந்துள்ளல்
பைதல்நோய் செய்தார்கண் இல்.

Irundhulli Enparidhal Nenje Parindhullal
Paidhalnoi Seydhaarkan Il

Pope (1886)What comes of sitting here in pining thought, O heart? He knowsNo pitying thought, the cause of all these wasting woes

MeaningO my soul! why remain (here) and suffer thinking (of him)? There are no lewd thoughts (of you) in him who has caused you this disease of sorrow

1244

கண்ணும் கொளச்சேறி நெஞ்சே இவையென்னைத்
தின்னும் அவர்க்காணல் உற்று.

Kannum Kolachcheri Nenje Ivaiyennaith
Thinnum Avarkkaanal Utru

Pope (1886)O rid me of these eyes, my heart; for they, Longing to see him, wear my life away

MeaningO my soul! take my eyes also with you, (if not), these would eat me up (in their desire) to see him

1245

செற்றார் எனக்கை விடல்உண்டோ நெஞ்சேயாம்
உற்றால் உறாஅ தவர்.

Setraar Enakkai Vitalunto Nenjeyaam
Utraal Uraaa Thavar

Pope (1886)O heart, as a foe, can I abandon utterlyHim who, though I long for him, longs not for me

MeaningO my soul! can he who loves not though he is beloved, be forsaken saying he hates me (now)?

1246

கலந்துணர்த்தும் காதலர்க் கண்டாற் புலந்துணராய்
பொய்க்காய்வு காய்திஎன் நெஞ்சு.

Kalandhunarththum Kaadhalark Kantaar Pulandhunaraai
Poikkaaivu Kaaidhien Nenju

Pope (1886)My heart, false is the fire that burns; thou canst not wrath maintain, If thou thy love behold, embracing, soothing all thy pain

MeaningO my soul! when you see the dear one who remove dislike by intercourse, you are displeased and continue to be so Nay, your displeasure is (simply) false

1247

காமம் விடுஒன்றோ நாண்விடு நன்னெஞ்சே
யானோ பொறேன்இவ் விரண்டு.

Kaamam Vituondro Naanvitu Nannenje
Yaano Poreniv Virantu

Pope (1886)Or bid thy love, or bid thy shame depart; For me, I cannot bear them both, my worthy heart

MeaningO my good soul, give up either lust or honour, as for me I can endure neither

1248

பரிந்தவர் நல்காரென்று ஏங்கிப் பிரிந்தவர்
பின்செல்வாய் பேதைஎன் நெஞ்சு.

Parindhavar Nalkaarendru Engip Pirindhavar
Pinselvaai Pedhaien Nenju

Pope (1886)Thou art befooled, my heart, thou followest him who flees from thee; And still thou yearning criest: 'He will nor pity show nor love to me.'

MeaningYou are a fool, O my soul! to go after my departed one, while you mourn that he is not kind enough to favour you

1249

உள்ளத்தார் காத லவரால் உள்ளிநீ
யாருழைச் சேறியென் நெஞ்சு.

Ullaththaar Kaadha Lavaraal Ullinee
Yaaruzhaich Cheriyen Nenju

Pope (1886)My heart! my lover lives within my mind; Roaming, whom dost thou think to find

MeaningO my soul! to whom would you repair, while the dear one is within yourself?

1250

துன்னாத் துறந்தாரை நெஞ்சத்து உடையேமா
இன்னும் இழத்தும் கவின்.

Thunnaath Thurandhaarai Nenjaththu Utaiyemaa
Innum Izhaththum Kavin

Pope (1886)If I should keep in mind the man who utterly renounces me, My soul must suffer further loss of dignity

MeaningIf I retain in my heart him who has left me without befriending me, I shall lose even the (inward) beauty that remains

126நிறையழிதல் NiraiyazhidhalReserve Overcome couplets 1251–1260

Reserve broken: the axe of desire breaks the door of modesty.

Love — separation

1251key couplet

காமக் கணிச்சி உடைக்கும் நிறையென்னும்
நாணுத்தாழ் வீழ்த்த கதவு.

Kaamak Kanichchi Utaikkum Niraiyennum
Naanuththaazh Veezhththa Kadhavu

Pope (1886)Of womanly reserve love's axe breaks through the door, Barred by the bolt of shame before

MeaningThe axe of lust can break the door of chastity which is bolted with the bolt of modesty

Word by word
காமக்desire’s
கணிச்சிaxe
உடைக்கும்breaks
நிறையென்னும்chastity called
நாணுத்தாழ்modesty-bolted
வீழ்த்தshut
கதவுdoor

InsightThe power of passion pictured as an axe — honest psychology.

1252

காமம் எனவொன்றோ கண்ணின்றென் நெஞ்சத்தை
யாமத்தும் ஆளும் தொழில்.

Kaamam Enavondro Kannindren Nenjaththai
Yaamaththum Aalum Thozhil

Pope (1886)What men call love is the one thing of merciless power; It gives my soul no rest, e'en in the midnight hour

MeaningEven at midnight is my mind worried by lust, and this one thing, alas! is without mercy

1253

மறைப்பேன்மன் காமத்தை யானோ குறிப்பின்றித்
தும்மல்போல் தோன்றி விடும்.

Maraippenman Kaamaththai Yaano Kurippindrith
Thummalpol Thondri Vitum

Pope (1886)I would my love conceal, but like a sneezeIt shows itself, and gives no warning sign

MeaningI would conceal my lust, but alas, it yields not to my will but breaks out like a sneeze

1254

நிறையுடையேன் என்பேன்மன் யானோஎன் காமம்
மறையிறந்து மன்று படும்.

Niraiyutaiyen Enpenman Yaanoen Kaamam
Maraiyirandhu Mandru Patum

Pope (1886)In womanly reserve I deemed myself beyond assail; But love will come abroad, and casts away the veil

MeaningI say I would be firm, but alas, my malady breaks out from its concealment and appears in public

1255

செற்றார்பின் செல்லாப் பெருந்தகைமை காமநோய்
உற்றார் அறிவதொன்று அன்று.

Setraarpin Sellaap Perundhakaimai Kaamanoi
Utraar Arivadhondru Andru

Pope (1886)The dignity that seeks not him who acts as foe, Is the one thing that loving heart can never know

MeaningThe dignity that would not go after an absent lover is not known to those who are sticken by love

1256

செற்றவர் பின்சேறல் வேண்டி அளித்தரோ
எற்றென்னை உற்ற துயர்.

Setravar Pinseral Venti Aliththaro
Etrennai Utra Thuyar

Pope (1886)My grief how full of grace, I pray you see!It seeks to follow him that hateth me

MeaningThe sorrow I have endured by desiring to go after my absent lover, in what way is it excellent?

1257

நாணென ஒன்றோ அறியலம் காமத்தால்
பேணியார் பெட்ப செயின்.

Naanena Ondro Ariyalam Kaamaththaal
Peniyaar Petpa Seyin

Pope (1886)No sense of shame my gladdened mind shall prove, When he returns my longing heart to bless with love

MeaningI know nothing like shame when my beloved does from love (just) what is desired (by me)

1258

பன்மாயக் கள்வன் பணிமொழி அன்றோநம்
பெண்மை உடைக்கும் படை.

Panmaayak Kalvan Panimozhi Andronam
Penmai Utaikkum Patai

Pope (1886)The words of that deceiver, versed in every wily art, Are instruments that break through every guard of woman's heart

MeaningAre not the enticing words of my trick-abounding roguish lover the weapon that breaks away my feminine firmness?

1259

புலப்பல் எனச்சென்றேன் புல்லினேன் நெஞ்சம்
கலத்தல் உறுவது கண்டு.

Pulappal Enachchendren Pullinen Nenjam
Kalaththal Uruvadhu Kantu

Pope (1886)'I 'll shun his greeting'; saying thus with pride away I went:I held him in my arms, for straight I felt my heart relent

MeaningI said I would feign dislike and so went (away); (but) I embraced him the moment I say my mind began to unite with him!

1260

நிணந்தீயில் இட்டன்ன நெஞ்சினார்க்கு உண்டோ
புணர்ந்தூடி நிற்பேம் எனல்.

Ninandheeyil Ittanna Nenjinaarkku Unto
Punarndhooti Nirpem Enal

Pope (1886)'We 'll stand aloof and then embrace': is this for them to say, Whose hearts are as the fat that in the blaze dissolves away

MeaningIs it possible for those whose hearts melt like fat in the fire to say they can feign a strong dislike and remain so?

127அவர்வயின் விதும்பல் AvarvayinvidhumpalMutual Desire couplets 1261–1270

Longing for each other: fingers worn marking the days of his absence.

Love — separation

1261key couplet

வாளற்றுப் புற்கென்ற கண்ணும் அவர்சென்ற
நாளொற்றித் தேய்ந்த விரல்.

Vaalatrup Purkendra Kannum Avarsendra
Naalotrith Theyndha Viral

Pope (1886)My eyes have lost their brightness, sight is dimmed; my fingers worn, With nothing on the wall the days since I was left forlorn

MeaningMy finger has worn away by marking (on the wall) the days he has been absent while my eyes have lost their lustre and begin to fail

Word by word
வாளற்றுப்dimmed
புற்கென்றfaded
கண்ணும்the eyes too
அவர்சென்றsince he left
நாளொற்றித்counting the days
தேய்ந்தworn
விரல்fingers

InsightDays counted on the wall until the fingers wear out — an image of waiting that needs no gloss.

1262

இலங்கிழாய் இன்று மறப்பின்என் தோள்மேல்
கலங்கழியும் காரிகை நீத்து.

Ilangizhaai Indru Marappinen Tholmel
Kalangazhiyum Kaarikai Neeththu

Pope (1886)O thou with gleaming jewels decked, could I forget for this one day, Henceforth these bracelets from my arms will slip, my beauty worn away

MeaningO you bright-jewelled maid, if I forget (him) today, my shoulders will lose their beauty even in the other life and make my bracelets loose

1263

உரன்நசைஇ உள்ளம் துணையாகச் சென்றார்
வரல்நசைஇ இன்னும் உளேன்.

Urannasaii Ullam Thunaiyaakach Chendraar
Varalnasaii Innum Ulen

Pope (1886)On victory intent, His mind sole company he went; And I yet life sustain And long to see his face again

MeaningI still live by longing for the arrival of him who has gone out of love for victory and with valour as his guide

1264

கூடிய காமம் பிரிந்தார் வரவுள்ளிக்
கோடுகொ டேறுமென் நெஞ்சு.

Kootiya Kaamam Pirindhaar Varavullik
Kotuko Terumen Nenju

Pope (1886)'He comes again, who left my side, and I shall taste love's joy,'-My heart with rapture swells, when thoughts like these my mind employ

MeaningMy heart is rid of its sorrow and swells with rapture to think of my absent lover returning with his love

1265

காண்கமன் கொண்கனைக் கண்ணாரக் கண்டபின்
நீங்கும்என் மென்தோள் பசப்பு.

Kaankaman Konkanaik Kannaarak Kantapin
Neengumen Mendhol Pasappu

Pope (1886)O let me see my spouse again and sate these longing eyes!That instant from my wasted frame all pallor flies

MeaningMay I look on my lover till I am satisfied and thereafter will vanish the sallowness of my slender shoulders

1266

வருகமன் கொண்கன் ஒருநாள் பருகுவன்
பைதல்நோய் எல்லாம் கெட.

Varukaman Konkan Orunaal Parukuvan
Paidhalnoi Ellaam Keta

Pope (1886)O let my spouse but come again to me one day!I'll drink that nectar: wasting grief shall flee away

MeaningMay my husband return some day; and then will I enjoy (him) so as to destroy all this agonizing sorrow

1267

புலப்பேன்கொல் புல்லுவேன் கொல்லோ கலப்பேன்கொல்
கண்அன்ன கேளிர் விரன்.

Pulappenkol Pulluven Kollo Kalappenkol
Kananna Kelir Viran

Pope (1886)Shall I draw back, or yield myself, or shall both mingled be, When he returns, my spouse, dear as these eyes to me

MeaningOn the return of him who is as dear as my eyes, am I displeased or am I to embrace (him); or am I to do both?

1268

வினைகலந்து வென்றீக வேந்தன் மனைகலந்து
மாலை அயர்கம் விருந்து.

Vinaikalandhu Vendreeka Vendhan Manaikalandhu
Maalai Ayarkam Virundhu

Pope (1886)O would my king would fight, o'ercome, devide the spoil; At home, to-night, the banquet spread should crown the toil

MeaningLet the king fight and gain (victories); (but) let me be united to my wife and feast the evening

1269

ஒருநாள் எழுநாள்போல் செல்லும்சேண் சென்றார்
வருநாள்வைத்து ஏங்கு பவர்க்கு.

Orunaal Ezhunaalpol Sellumsen Sendraar
Varunaalvaiththu Engu Pavarkku

Pope (1886)One day will seem like seven to those who watch and yearnFor that glad day when wanderers from afar return

MeaningTo those who suffer waiting for the day of return of their distant lovers one day is as long as seven days

1270

பெறின்என்னாம் பெற்றக்கால் என்னாம் உறினென்னாம்
உள்ளம் உடைந்துக்கக் கால்.

Perinennaam Petrakkaal Ennaam Urinennaam
Ullam Utaindhukkak Kaal

Pope (1886)What's my return, the meeting hour, the wished-for greeting worth, If she heart-broken lie, with all her life poured forth

MeaningAfter (my wife) has died of a broken heart, what good will there be if she is to receive me, has received me, or has even embraced me?

128குறிப்பறிவுறுத்தல் KuripparivuruththalThe Reading of the Signs couplets 1271–1280

Reading signs: your eyes, though you hide it, have something to tell.

Love — union

1271key couplet

கரப்பினுங் கையிகந் தொல்லாநின் உண்கண்
உரைக்கல் உறுவதொன் றுண்டு.

Karappinung Kaiyikan Thollaanin Unkan
Uraikkal Uruvadhon Runtu

Pope (1886)Thou hid'st it, yet thine eye, disdaining all restraint, Something, I know not, what, would utter of complaint

MeaningThough you would conceal (your feelings), your painted eyes would not, for, transgressing (their bounds), they tell (me) something

Word by word
கரப்பினுங்though you hide
கையிகந்escaping control
தொல்லாநின்your
உண்கண்painted eyes
உரைக்கல்to tell
உறுவதொன்something there is
றுண்டு↳ completes the word before

InsightThe eyes betray what words conceal.

1272

கண்ணிறைந்த காரிகைக் காம்பேர்தோட் பேதைக்குப்
பெண்நிறைந்த நீர்மை பெரிது.

Kanniraindha Kaarikaik Kaamperdhot Pedhaikkup
Penniraindha Neermai Peridhu

Pope (1886)The simple one whose beauty fills mine eye, whose shoulders curveLike bambu stem, hath all a woman's modest sweet reserve

MeaningUnusually great is the female simplicity of your maid whose beauty fills my eyes and whose shoulders resemble the bamboo

1273

மணியில் திகழ்தரு நூல்போல் மடந்தை
அணியில் திகழ்வதொன்று உண்டு.

Maniyil Thikazhdharu Noolpol Matandhai
Aniyil Thikazhvadhondru Untu

Pope (1886)As through the crystal beads is seen the thread on which they 're strungSo in her beauty gleams some thought cannot find a tongue

MeaningThere is something that is implied in the beauty of this woman, like the thread that is visible in a garland of gems

1274

முகைமொக்குள் உள்ளது நாற்றம்போல் பேதை
நகைமொக்குள் உள்ளதொன் றுண்டு.

Mukaimokkul Ulladhu Naatrampol Pedhai
Nakaimokkul Ulladhon Runtu

Pope (1886)As fragrance in the opening bud, some secret liesConcealed in budding smile of this dear damsel's eyes

MeaningThere is something in the unmatured smile of this maid like the fragrance that is contained in an unblossomed bud

1275

செறிதொடி செய்திறந்த கள்ளம் உறுதுயர்
தீர்க்கும் மருந்தொன்று உடைத்து.

Seridhoti Seydhirandha Kallam Urudhuyar
Theerkkum Marundhondru Utaiththu

Pope (1886)The secret wiles of her with thronging armlets decked, Are medicines by which my raising grief is checked

MeaningThe well-meant departure of her whose bangles are tight-fitting contains a remedy that can cure my great sorrow

1276

பெரிதாற்றிப் பெட்பக் கலத்தல் அரிதாற்றி
அன்பின்மை சூழ்வ துடைத்து.

Peridhaatrip Petpak Kalaththal Aridhaatri
Anpinmai Soozhva Thutaiththu

Pope (1886)While lovingly embracing me, his heart is only grieved:It makes me think that I again shall live of love bereaved

MeaningThe embrace that fills me with comfort and gladness is capable of enduring (my former) sorrow and meditating on his want of love

1277

தண்ணந் துறைவன் தணந்தமை நம்மினும்
முன்னம் உணர்ந்த வளை.

Thannan Thuraivan Thanandhamai Namminum
Munnam Unarndha Valai

Pope (1886)My severance from the lord of this cool shore, My very armlets told me long before

MeaningMy bracelets have understood before me the (mental) separation of him who rules the cool seashore

1278

நெருநற்றுச் சென்றார்எம் காதலர் யாமும்
எழுநாளேம் மேனி பசந்து.

Nerunatruch Chendraarem Kaadhalar Yaamum
Ezhunaalem Meni Pasandhu

Pope (1886)My loved one left me, was it yesterday?Days seven my pallid body wastes away

MeaningIt was but yesterday my lover departed (from me); and it is seven days since my complexion turned sallow

1279

தொடிநோக்கி மென்தோளும் நோக்கி அடிநோக்கி
அஃதாண் டவள்செய் தது.

Thotinokki Mendholum Nokki Atinokki
Aqdhaan Tavalsey Thadhu

Pope (1886)She viewed her tender arms, she viewed the armlets from them slid; She viewed her feet: all this the lady did

MeaningShe looked at her bracelets, her tender shoulders, and her feet; this was what she did there (significantly)

1280

பெண்ணினால் பெண்மை உடைத்தென்ப கண்ணினால்
காமநோய் சொல்லி இரவு.

Penninaal Penmai Utaiththenpa Kanninaal
Kaamanoi Solli Iravu

Pope (1886)To show by eye the pain of love, and for relief to pray, Is womanhood's most womanly device, men say

MeaningTo express their love-sickness by their eyes and resort to begging bespeaks more than ordinary female excellence

129புணர்ச்சி விதும்பல் PunarchchividhumpalDesire for Reunion couplets 1281–1290

Longing for reunion: joy at the thought and delight at the sight belong to love, not wine.

Love — union

1281key couplet

உள்ளக் களித்தலும் காண மகிழ்தலும்
கள்ளுக்கில் காமத்திற் குண்டு.

Ullak Kaliththalum Kaana Makizhdhalum
Kallukkil Kaamaththir Kuntu

Pope (1886)Gladness at the thought, rejoicing at the sight, Not palm-tree wine, but love, yields such delight

MeaningTo please by thought and cheer by sight is peculiar, not to liquor but lust

Word by word
உள்ளக்delighting in thought
களித்தலும்↳ completes the word before
காணat sight
மகிழ்தலும்rejoicing
கள்ளுக்கில்not to toddy
காமத்திற்to love
குண்டுbelong

InsightLove intoxicates without a cup.

1282

தினைத்துணையும் ஊடாமை வேண்டும் பனைத்துணையும்
காமம் நிறைய வரின்.

Thinaiththunaiyum Ootaamai Ventum Panaith
Thunaiyum Kaamam Niraiya Varin

Pope (1886)When as palmyra tall, fulness of perfect love we gain, Distrust can find no place small as the millet grain

MeaningIf women have a lust that exceeds even the measure of the palmyra fruit, they will not desire (to feign) dislike even as much as the millet

1283

பேணாது பெட்பவே செய்யினும் கொண்கனைக்
காணா தமையல கண்.

Penaadhu Petpave Seyyinum Konkanaik
Kaanaa Thamaiyala Kan

Pope (1886)Although his will his only law, he lightly value me, My heart knows no repose unless my lord I see

MeaningThough my eyes disregard me and do what is pleasing to my husband, still will they not be satisfied unless they see him

1284

ஊடற்கண் சென்றேன்மன் தோழி அதுமறந்து
கூடற்கண் சென்றது என் னெஞ்சு.

Ootarkan Sendrenman Thozhi Adhumarandhu
Kootarkan Sendradhu En Nenju

Pope (1886)My friend, I went prepared to show a cool disdain; My heart, forgetting all, could not its love restrain

MeaningMy heart, forgetting all, could not its love restrain

1285

எழுதுங்கால் கோல்காணாக் கண்ணேபோல் கொண்கன்
பழிகாணேன் கண்ட இடத்து.

Ezhudhungaal Kolkaanaak Kannepol Konkan
Pazhikaanen Kanta Itaththu

Pope (1886)The eye sees not the rod that paints it; nor can ISee any fault, when I behold my husband nigh

MeaningLike the eyes which see not the pencil that paints it, I cannot see my husband's fault (just) when I meet him

1286

காணுங்கால் காணேன் தவறாய காணாக்கால்
காணேன் தவறல் லவை.

Kaanungaal Kaanen Thavaraaya Kaanaakkaal
Kaanen Thavaral Lavai

Pope (1886)When him I see, to all his faults I 'm blind; But when I see him not, nothing but faults I find

MeaningWhen I see my husband, I do not see any faults; but when I do not see him, I do not see anything but faults

1287

உய்த்தல் அறிந்து புனல்பாய் பவரேபோல்
பொய்த்தல் அறிந்தென் புலந்து.

Uyththal Arindhu Punalpaai Pavarepol
Poiththal Arindhen Pulandhu

Pope (1886)As those of rescue sure, who plunge into the stream, So did I anger feign, though it must falsehood seem

MeaningLike those who leap into a stream which they know will carry them off, why should a wife feign dislike which she knows cannot hold out long?

1288

இளித்தக்க இன்னா செயினும் களித்தார்க்குக்
கள்ளற்றே கள்வநின் மார்பு.

Iliththakka Innaa Seyinum Kaliththaarkkuk
Kallatre Kalvanin Maarpu

Pope (1886)Though shameful ill it works, dear is the palm-tree wineTo drunkards; traitor, so to me that breast of thine

MeaningO you rogue! your breast is to me what liquor is to those who rejoice in it, though it only gives them an unpleasant disgrace

1289

மலரினும் மெல்லிது காமம் சிலர்அதன்
செவ்வி தலைப்படு வார்.

Malarinum Mellidhu Kaamam Silaradhan
Sevvi Thalaippatu Vaar

Pope (1886)Love is tender as an opening flower In season dueTo gain its perfect bliss is rapture known to few

MeaningSexual delight is more delicate than a flower, and few are those who understand its real nature

1290

கண்ணின் துனித்தே கலங்கினாள் புல்லுதல்
என்னினும் தான்விதுப் புற்று.

Kannin Thuniththe Kalanginaal Pulludhal
Enninum Thaanvidhup Putru

Pope (1886)Her eye, as I drew nigh one day, with anger shone:By love o'erpowered, her tenderness surpassed my own

MeaningShe once feigned dislike in her eyes, but the warmth of her embrace exceeded my own

130நெஞ்சொடு புலத்தல் NenjotupulaththalExpostulation with Oneself couplets 1291–1300

Rebuking the heart: “His heart stands by him; why do you, my heart, not stand by me?”

Love — separationThe mind

1291key couplet

அவர்நெஞ்சு அவர்க்காதல் கண்டும் எவன்நெஞ்சே
நீஎமக்கு ஆகா தது.

Avarnenju Avarkkaadhal Kantum Evannenje
Neeemakku Aakaa Thadhu

Pope (1886)You see his heart is his aloneO heart, why not be all my own

MeaningO my soul! although you have seen how his soul stands by him, how is it you do not stand by me?

Word by word
அவர்நெஞ்சுhis heart
அவர்க்காதல்his love
கண்டும்seeing
எவன்நெஞ்சேwhy, O heart
நீஎமக்குyou to me
ஆகாnot being
ததுso

InsightThe divided self — the heart that runs after the beloved against one’s will.

1292

உறாஅ தவர்க்கண்ட கண்ணும் அவரைச்
செறாஅரெனச் சேறியென் நெஞ்சு.

Uraaa Thavarkkanta Kannum Avaraich
Cheraaarenach Cheriyen Nenju

Pope (1886)'Tis plain, my heart, that he 's estranged from thee; Why go to him as though he were not enemy

MeaningO my soul! although you have known him who does not love me, still do you go to him, saying "he will not be displeased."

1293

கெட்டார்க்கு நட்டார்இல் என்பதோ நெஞ்சேநீ
பெட்டாங்கு அவர்பின் செலல்.

Kettaarkku Nattaaril Enpadho Nenjenee
Pettaangu Avarpin Selal

Pope (1886)'The ruined have no friends, 'they say; and so, my heart, To follow him, at thy desire, from me thou dost depart

MeaningO my soul! do you follow him at pleasure under the belief that the ruined have no friends?

1294

இனிஅன்ன நின்னொடு சூழ்வார்யார் நெஞ்சே
துனிசெய்து துவ்வாய்காண் மற்று.

Inianna Ninnotu Soozhvaaryaar Nenje
Thuniseydhu Thuvvaaikaan Matru

Pope (1886)'See, thou first show offended pride, and then submit,' I bade; Henceforth such council who will share with thee my heart

MeaningO my soul! you would not first seem sulky and then enjoy (him); who then would in future consult you about such things?

1295

பெறாஅமை அஞ்சும் பெறின்பிரிவு அஞ்சும்
அறாஅ இடும்பைத்தென் நெஞ்சு.

Peraaamai Anjum Perinpirivu Anjum
Araaa Itumpaiththen Nenju

Pope (1886)I fear I shall not gain, I fear to lose him when I gain; And thus my heart endures unceasing pain

MeaningMy soul fears when it is without him; it also fears when it is with him; it is subject to incessant sorrow

1296

தனியே இருந்து நினைத்தக்கால் என்னைத்
தினிய இருந்ததென் நெஞ்சு.

Thaniye Irundhu Ninaiththakkaal Ennaith
Thiniya Irundhadhen Nenju

Pope (1886)My heart consumes me when I ponder lone, And all my lover's cruelty bemoan

MeaningMy mind has been (here) in order to eat me up (as it were) whenever I think of him in my solitude

1297

நாணும் மறந்தேன் அவர்மறக் கல்லாஎன்
மாணா மடநெஞ்சிற் பட்டு.

Naanum Marandhen Avarmarak Kallaaen
Maanaa Matanenjir Pattu

Pope (1886)Fall'n 'neath the sway of this ignoble foolish heart, Which will not him forget, I have forgotten shame

MeaningI have even forgotten my modesty, having been caught in my foolish mind which is not dignified enough to forget him

1298

எள்ளின் இளிவாம்என்று எண்ணி அவர்திறம்
உள்ளும் உயிர்க்காதல் நெஞ்சு.

Ellin Ilivaamendru Enni Avardhiram
Ullum Uyirkkaadhal Nenju

Pope (1886)If I contemn him, then disgrace awaits me evermore; My soul that seeks to live his virtues numbers o'er

MeaningMy soul which clings to life thinks only of his (own) gain in the belief that it would be disgraceful for it to despise him

1299

துன்பத்திற்கு யாரே துணையாவார் தாமுடைய
நெஞ்சந் துணையல் வழி.

Thunpaththirku Yaare Thunaiyaavaar Thaamutaiya
Nenjan Thunaiyal Vazhi

Pope (1886)And who will aid me in my hour of grief, If my own heart comes not to my relief

MeaningWho would help me out of one's distress, when one's own soul refuses help to one?

1300

தஞ்சம் தமரல்லர் ஏதிலார் தாமுடைய
நெஞ்சம் தமரல் வழி.

Thanjam Thamarallar Edhilaar Thaamutaiya
Nenjam Thamaral Vazhi

Pope (1886)A trifle is unfriendliness by aliens shown, When our own heart itself is not our own

MeaningIt is hardly possible for strangers to behave like relations, when one's own soul acts like a stranger

131புலவி PulaviPouting couplets 1301–1310

Feigned anger (pulavi): let us not embrace him for a while — and see his suffering.

Love — union

1301key couplet

புல்லா திராஅப் புலத்தை அவர்உறும்
அல்லல்நோய் காண்கம் சிறிது.

Pullaa Thiraaap Pulaththai Avar
Urum Allalnoi Kaankam Siridhu

Pope (1886)Be still reserved, decline his profferred love; A little while his sore distress we 'll prove

MeaningLet us witness awhile his keen suffering; just feign dislike and embrace him not

Word by word
புல்லாnot embracing
திராஅப்remaining aloof
புலத்தைin pique
அவர்உறும்his
அல்லல்நோய்distress
காண்கம்let us see
சிறிதுa little

InsightThe lovers’ quarrel as part of love — ūṭal, a classic theme of Tamil poetry.

1302

உப்பமைந் தற்றால் புலவி அதுசிறிது
மிக்கற்றால் நீள விடல்.

Uppamain Thatraal Pulavi Adhusiridhu
Mikkatraal Neela Vital

Pope (1886)A cool reserve is like the salt that seasons well the mess, Too long maintained, 'tis like the salt's excess

MeaningA little dislike is like salt in proportion; to prolong it a little is like salt a little too much

1303

அலந்தாரை அல்லல்நோய் செய்தற்றால் தம்மைப்
புலந்தாரைப் புல்லா விடல்.

Alandhaarai Allalnoi Seydhatraal Thammaip
Pulandhaaraip Pullaa Vital

Pope (1886)'Tis heaping griefs on those whose hearts are grieved; To leave the grieving one without a fond embrace

MeaningFor men not to embrace those who have feigned dislike is like torturing those already in agony

1304

ஊடி யவரை உணராமை வாடிய
வள்ளி முதலரிந் தற்று.

Ooti Yavarai Unaraamai Vaatiya
Valli Mudhalarin Thatru

Pope (1886)To use no kind conciliating art when lover grieves, Is cutting out the root of tender winding plant that droops

MeaningNot to reconcile those who have feigned dislike is like cutting a faded creeper at its root

1305

நலத்தகை நல்லவர்க்கு ஏஎர் புலத்தகை
பூஅன்ன கண்ணார் அகத்து.

Nalaththakai Nallavarkku Eer Pulaththakai
Pooanna Kannaar Akaththu

Pope (1886)Even to men of good and worthy mind, the petulanceOf wives with flowery eyes lacks not a lovely grace

MeaningAn increased shyness in those whose eyes are like flowers is beautiful even to good and virtuous husbands

1306

துனியும் புலவியும் இல்லாயின் காமம்
கனியும் கருக்காயும் அற்று.

Thuniyum Pulaviyum Illaayin Kaamam
Kaniyum Karukkaayum Atru

Pope (1886)Love without hatred is ripened fruit; Without some lesser strife, fruit immature

MeaningSexual pleasure, without prolonged and short-lived dislike, is like too ripe, and unripe fruit

1307

ஊடலின் உண்டாங்கோர் துன்பம் புணர்வது
நீடுவ தன்று கொல் என்று.

Ootalin Untaangor Thunpam Punarvadhu
Neetuva Thandru Kol Endru

Pope (1886)A lovers' quarrel brings its pain, when mind afraidAsks doubtful, 'Will reunion sweet be long delayed?'

MeaningThe doubt as to whether intercourse would take place soon or not, creates a sorrow (even) in feigned dislike

1308

நோதல் எவன்மற்று நொந்தாரென்று அஃதறியும்
காதலர் இல்லா வழி.

Nodhal Evanmatru Nondhaarendru Aqdhariyum
Kaadhalar Illaa Vazhi

Pope (1886)What good can grieving do, when none who loveAre there to know the grief thy soul endures

MeaningWhat avails sorrow when I am without a wife who can understand the cause of my sorrow?

1309

நீரும் நிழலது இனிதே புலவியும்
வீழுநர் கண்ணே இனிது.

Neerum Nizhaladhu Inidhe Pulaviyum
Veezhunar Kanne Inidhu

Pope (1886)Water is pleasant in the cooling shade; So coolness for a time with those we love

MeaningLike water in the shade, dislike is delicious only in those who love

1310

ஊடல் உணங்க விடுவாரோடு என்நெஞ்சம்
கூடுவேம் என்பது அவா.

Ootal Unanga Vituvaarotu Ennenjam
Kootuvem Enpadhu Avaa

Pope (1886)Of her who leaves me thus in variance languishing, To think within my heart with love is fond desire

MeaningIt is nothing but strong desire that makes her mind unite with me who can leave her to her own dislike

132புலவி நுணுக்கம் Pulavi NunukkamFeigned Anger couplets 1311–1320

Pretended anger: “All women feast their eyes on your chest — I will not come near.”

Love — union

1311key couplet

பெண்ணியலார் எல்லாரும் கண்ணின் பொதுஉண்பர்
நண்ணேன் பரத்தநின் மார்பு.

Penniyalaar Ellaarum Kannin Podhuunpar
Nannen Paraththanin Maarpu

Pope (1886)From thy regard all womankind Enjoys an equal grace; O thou of wandering fickle mind, I shrink from thine embrace

MeaningYou are given to prostitution; all those who are born as womankind enjoy you with their eyes in an ordinary way I will not embrace you

Word by word
பெண்ணியலார்womankind
எல்லாரும்all
கண்ணின்with their eyes
பொதுஉண்பர்share in common
நண்ணேன்I will not approach
பரத்தநின்O fickle one, your
மார்புchest

InsightTeasing jealousy, the playfulness of love.

1312

ஊடி இருந்தேமாத் தும்மினார் யாம்தம்மை
நீடுவாழ் கென்பாக் கறிந்து.

Ooti Irundhemaath Thumminaar Yaamdhammai
Neetuvaazh Kenpaak Karindhu

Pope (1886)One day we silent sulked; he sneezed: The reason well I knew; He thought that I, to speak well pleased, Would say, 'Long life to you!'

MeaningWhen I continued to be sulky he sneezed and thought I would (then) wish him a long life

1313

கோட்டுப்பூச் சூடினும் காயும் ஒருத்தியைக்
காட்டிய சூடினீர் என்று.

Kottup Pooch Chootinum Kaayum
Oruththiyaik Kaattiya Sootineer Endru

Pope (1886)I wreathed with flowers one day my brow, The angry tempest lowers; She cries, 'Pray, for what woman now Do you put on your flowers?'

MeaningEven if I were adorned with a garland of branch-flowers, she would say I did so to show it to another woman

1314

யாரினும் காதலம் என்றேனா ஊடினாள்
யாரினும் யாரினும் என்று.

Yaarinum Kaadhalam Endrenaa Ootinaal
Yaarinum Yaarinum Endru

Pope (1886)'I love you more than all beside,' 'T was thus I gently spoke;'What all, what all?' she instant cried; And all her anger woke

MeaningWhen I said I loved her more than any other woman, she said "more than others, yes, more than others," and remained sulky

1315

இம்மைப் பிறப்பில் பிரியலம் என்றேனாக்
கண்நிறை நீர்கொண் டனள்.

Immaip Pirappil Piriyalam Endrenaak
Kannirai Neerkon Tanal

Pope (1886)'While here I live, I leave you not,' I said to calm her fearsShe cried, 'There, then, I read your thought'; And straight dissolved in tears

MeaningWhen I said I would never part from her in this life her eyes were filled with tears

1316

உள்ளினேன் என்றேன்மற் றென்மறந்தீர் என்றென்னைப்
புல்லாள் புலத்தக் கனள்.

Ullinen Endrenmar Renmarandheer Endrennaip
Pullaal Pulaththak Kanal

Pope (1886)'Each day I called to mind your charms,' 'O, then, you had forgot,'She cried, and then her opened arms, Forthwith embraced me not

MeaningWhen I said I had remembered her, she said I had forgotten her and relaxing her embrace, began to feign dislike

1317

வழுத்தினாள் தும்மினேன் ஆக அழித்தழுதாள்
யாருள்ளித் தும்மினீர் என்று.

Vazhuththinaal Thumminen Aaka Azhiththazhudhaal
Yaarullith Thummineer Endru

Pope (1886)She hailed me when I sneezed one day; But straight with anger seized, She cried; 'Who was the woman, pray, Thinking of whom you sneezed?'

MeaningWhen I sneezed she blessed me, but at once changed (her mind) and wept, asking, "At the thought of whom did you sneeze?"

1318

தும்முச் செறுப்ப அழுதாள் நுமர்உள்ளல்
எம்மை மறைத்திரோ என்று.

Thummuch Cheruppa Azhudhaal Numarullal
Emmai Maraiththiro Endru

Pope (1886)And so next time I checked my sneeze; She forthwith wept and cried,(That woman difficult to please), 'Your thoughts from me you hide'

MeaningWhen I suppressed my sneezing, she wept saying, "I suppose you (did so) to hide from me your own people's remembrance of you"

1319

தன்னை உணர்த்தினும் காயும் பிறர்க்கும்நீர்
இந்நீரர் ஆகுதிர் என்று.

Thannai Unarththinum Kaayum Pirarkkumneer
Inneerar Aakudhir Endru

Pope (1886)I then began to soothe and coax, To calm her jealous mind;'I see', quoth she, 'to other folks How you are wondrous kind

Meaning'I see', quoth she, 'to other folks How you are wondrous kind' Even when I try to remove her dislike, she is displeased and says, "This is the way you behave

1320

நினைத்திருந்து நோக்கினும் காயும் அனைத்துநீர்
யாருள்ளி நோக்கினீர் என்று.

Ninaiththirundhu Nokkinum Kaayum Anaiththuneer
Yaarulli Nokkineer Endru

Pope (1886)I silent sat, but thought the more, And gazed on her Then sheCried out, 'While thus you eye me o'er, Tell me whose form you see'

MeaningEven when I look on her contemplating (her beauty), she is displeased and says, "With whose thought have you (thus) looked on my person?"

133ஊடலுவகை OotaluvakaiThe Pleasures of Temporary Variance couplets 1321–1330

The pleasure of lovers’ quarrels: the sulk makes reunion sweeter — the Kural ends on a note of joy.

Love — union

1321key couplet

இல்லை தவறவர்க்கு ஆயினும் ஊடுதல்
வல்லது அவர்அளிக்கு மாறு.

Illai Thavaravarkku Aayinum Ootudhal
Valladhu Avaralikku Maaru

Pope (1886)Although there be no fault in him, the sweetness of his loveHath power in me a fretful jealousy to move

MeaningAlthough my husband is free from defects, the way in which he embraces me is such as to make me feign dislike

Word by word
இல்லைthere is not
தவறவர்க்குfault in him
ஆயினும்yet
ஊடுதல்sulking
வல்லதுis able
அவர்அளிக்குhis love to win
மாறுthe way

InsightThe whole Kural ends with the lovers’ reconciliation. Virtue, wealth and love — dharma, artha and kāma — are complete; Valluvar leaves the fourth aim, mokṣa, to be lived rather than described.

1322

ஊடலின் தோன்றும் சிறுதுனி நல்லளி
வாடினும் பாடு பெறும்.

Ootalin Thondrum Sirudhuni Nallali
Vaatinum Paatu Perum

Pope (1886)My 'anger feigned' gives but a little pain; And when affection droops, it makes it bloom again

MeaningHis love will increase though it may (at first seem to) fade through the short-lived distress caused by (my) dislike

1323

புலத்தலின் புத்தேள்நாடு உண்டோ நிலத்தொடு
நீரியைந் தன்னார் அகத்து.

Pulaththalin Puththelnaatu Unto Nilaththotu
Neeriyain Thannaar Akaththu

Pope (1886)Is there a bliss in any world more utterly divine, Than 'coyness' gives, when hearts as earth and water join

MeaningIs there a celestial land that can please like the feigned dislike of those whose union resembles that of earth and water?

1324

புல்லி விடாஅப் புலவியுள் தோன்றுமென்
உள்ளம் உடைக்கும் படை.

Pulli Vitaaap Pulaviyul Thondrumen
Ullam Utaikkum Patai

Pope (1886)'Within the anger feigned' that close love's tie doth bind, A weapon lurks, which quite breaks down my mind

MeaningIn prolonged dislike after an embrace there is a weapon that can break my heart

1325

தவறிலர் ஆயினும் தாம்வீழ்வார் மென்றோள்
அகறலின் ஆங்கொன் றுடைத்து.

Thavarilar Aayinum Thaamveezhvaar Mendrol
Akaralin Aangon Rutaiththu

Pope (1886)Though free from fault, from loved one's tender armsTo be estranged a while hath its own special charms

MeaningThough free from defects, men feel pleased when they cannot embrace the delicate shoulders of those whom they love

1326

உணலினும் உண்டது அறல்இனிது காமம்
புணர்தலின் ஊடல் இனிது.

Unalinum Untadhu Aralinidhu Kaamam
Punardhalin Ootal Inidhu

Pope (1886)'Tis sweeter to digest your food than 'tis to eat; In love, than union's self is anger feigned more sweet

MeaningTo digest what has been eaten is more delightful than to eat more; likewise love is more delightful in dislike than intercourse

1327

ஊடலில் தோற்றவர் வென்றார் அதுமன்னும்
கூடலிற் காணப் படும்.

Ootalil Thotravar Vendraar Adhumannum
Kootalir Kaanap Patum

Pope (1886)In lovers' quarrels, 'tis the one that first gives way, That in re-union's joy is seen to win the day

MeaningThose are conquerors whose dislike has been defeated and that is proved by the love (which

1328

ஊடிப் பெறுகுவம் கொல்லோ நுதல்வெயர்ப்பக்
கூடலில் தோன்றிய உப்பு.

Ootip Perukuvam Kollo Nudhalveyarppak
Kootalil Thondriya Uppu

Pope (1886)And shall we ever more the sweetness know of that embraceWith dewy brow; to which 'feigned anger' lent its piquant grace

MeaningWill I enjoy once more through her dislike, the pleasure of that love that makes her forehead perspire?

1329

ஊடுக மன்னோ ஒளியிழை யாமிரப்ப
நீடுக மன்னோ இரா.

Ootuka Manno Oliyizhai Yaamirappa
Neetuka Manno Iraa

Pope (1886)Let her, whose jewels brightly shine, aversion feignThat I may still plead on, O night, prolong thy reign

MeaningMay the bright-jewelled one feign dislike, and may the night be prolonged for me to implore her!

1330

ஊடுதல் காமத்திற்கு இன்பம் அதற்கின்பம்
கூடி முயங்கப் பெறின்.

Ootudhal Kaamaththirku Inpam Adharkinpam
Kooti Muyangap Perin

Pope (1886)A 'feigned aversion' coy to pleasure gives a zest; The pleasure's crowned when breast is clasped to breast

MeaningDislike adds delight to love; and a hearty embrace (thereafter) will add delight to dislike

Tamil text and transliteration from the open Tirukkural dataset (github.com/tk120404/thirukkural), typos corrected. English: G. U. Pope’s verse translation (1886) and a 19th-century prose rendering, both public domain. Word meanings, chapter themes and insights are written for this page, following the classical reading of Parimēlaḻakar. Pictures: Wikimedia Commons (public domain / CC0) and drawings made for this page.