Medicine: excess or deficiency of the three humours causes disease; eat after digestion, in measure.
மிகினும் குறையினும் நோய்செய்யும் நூலோர்
வளிமுதலா எண்ணிய மூன்று.
Mikinum Kuraiyinum Noiseyyum Noolor
Valimudhalaa Enniya Moondru
Pope (1886)The learned books count three, with wind as first; of these, As any one prevail, or fail; 'twill cause disease
MeaningIf (food and work are either) excessive or deficient, the three things enumerated by (medical) writers, flatulence, biliousness, and phlegm, will cause (one) disease
Word by word
மிகினும்if excessive
குறையினும்if deficient
நோய்செய்யும்cause disease
நூலோர்the medical writers
வளிமுதலாwind first
எண்ணியcounted
மூன்றுthe three
InsightThe three doṣas of Āyurveda — Valluvar’s rule of moderation, the Gītā’s yuktāhāra-vihārasya (6.17).
மருந்தென வேண்டாவாம் யாக்கைக்கு அருந்தியது
அற்றது போற்றி உணின்.
Marundhena Ventaavaam Yaakkaikku Arundhiyadhu
Atradhu Potri Unin
Pope (1886)No need of medicine to heal your body's pain, If, what you ate before digested well, you eat again
MeaningNo medicine is necessary for him who eats after assuring (himself) that what he has (already) eaten has been digested
அற்றால் அறவறிந்து உண்க அஃதுடம்பு
பெற்றான் நெடிதுய்க்கும் ஆறு.
Atraal Aravarindhu Unka Aqdhutampu
Petraan Netidhuykkum Aaru
Pope (1886)Who has a body gained may long the gift retain, If, food digested well, in measure due he eat again
MeaningIf (one's food has been) digested let one eat with moderation; (for) that is the way to prolong the life of an embodied soul
அற்றது அறிந்து கடைப்பிடித்து மாறல்ல
துய்க்க துவரப் பசித்து.
Atradhu Arindhu Kataippitiththu Maaralla
Thuykka Thuvarap Pasiththu
Pope (1886)Knowing the food digested well, when hunger prompteth thee, With constant care, the viands choose that well agree
Meaning(First) assure yourself that your food has been digested and never fail to eat, when very hungry, whatever is not disagreeable (to you)
மாறுபாடு இல்லாத உண்டி மறுத்துண்ணின்
ஊறுபாடு இல்லை உயிர்க்கு.
Maarupaatu Illaadha Unti Maruththunnin
Oorupaatu Illai Uyirkku
Pope (1886)With self-denial take the well-selected meal; So shall thy frame no sudden sickness feel
MeaningThere will be no disaster to one's life if one eats with moderation, food that is not disagreeable
இழிவறிந்து உண்பான்கண் இன்பம்போல் நிற்கும்
கழிபேர் இரையான்கண் நோய்.
Izhivarindhu Unpaankan Inpampol Nirkum
Kazhiper Iraiyaankan Noi
Pope (1886)On modest temperance as pleasures pure, So pain attends the greedy epicure
MeaningAs pleasure dwells with him who eats moderately, so disease (dwells) with the glutton who eats voraciously
தீயள வன்றித் தெரியான் பெரிதுண்ணின்
நோயள வின்றிப் படும்.
Theeyala Vandrith Theriyaan Peridhunnin
Noyala Vindrip Patum
Pope (1886)Who largely feeds, nor measure of the fire within maintains, That thoughtless man shall feel unmeasured pains
MeaningHe will be afflicted with numberless diseases, who eats immoderately, ignorant (of the rules of health)
நோய்நாடி நோய்முதல் நாடி அதுதணிக்கும்
வாய்நாடி வாய்ப்பச் செயல்.
Noinaati Noimudhal Naati Adhudhanikkum
Vaainaati Vaaippach Cheyal
Pope (1886)Disease, its cause, what may abate the ill:Let leech examine these, then use his skill
MeaningLet the physician enquire into the (nature of the) disease, its cause and its method of cure and treat it faithfully according to (medical rule)
உற்றான் அளவும் பிணியளவும் காலமும்
கற்றான் கருதிச் செயல்.
Utraan Alavum Piniyalavum Kaalamum
Katraan Karudhich Cheyal
Pope (1886)The habitudes of patient and disease, the crises of the illThese must the learned leech think over well, then use his skill
MeaningThe learned (physician) should ascertain the condition of his patient; the nature of his disease, and the season (of the year) and (then) proceed (with his treatment)
உற்றவன் தீர்ப்பான் மருந்துழைச் செல்வானென்று
அப்பால் நாற் கூற்றே மருந்து.
Utravan Theerppaan Marundhuzhaich Chelvaanendru
Appaal Naar Kootre Marundhu
Pope (1886)For patient, leech, and remedies, and him who waits by patient's side, The art of medicine must fourfold code of laws provide
MeaningMedical science consists of four parts, viz, patient, physician, medicine and compounder; and each of these (again) contains four sub-divisions